Ramadhan 

Ramadan is the ninth and holiest month of the Islamic calendar, observed by Muslims worldwide as a period of fasting, prayer, reflection, and community to commemorate the first revelation of the Quran to Prophet Muhammad. Adults fast from dawn to sunset, abstaining from food, drink, and immoral acts, to strengthen their relationship with God, practice self-discipline, and empathize with the less fortunate.

What is Ramadan and Why is it Celebrated?

• Significance: It is believed to be the month in which the Quran was revealed, with particular focus on Laylat al-Qadr (the "Night of Power").

• Celebration: It is a time for spiritual renewal, increased devotion, charity (Zakat), and gathering with family and community. 

Key Aspects of Ramadan Fasting and Rules

• Fasting (Sawm): An obligatory, daily fast from dawn to sunset for healthy adult Muslims, constituting one of the Five Pillars of Islam.

• Meals: A pre-dawn meal called suhoor and a post-sunset meal called iftar.

• Abstinence: In addition to food and drink, Muslims avoid smoking, chewing gum, and negative behaviors like lying or fighting.

• Exceptions: Children, the elderly, the ill, pregnant, menstruating, or breastfeeding women, and those travelling are not required to fast. 

What Happens During and After the Month?

• Daily Routine: Increased prayer (including special nighttime Tarawih prayers) and reading of the Quran.

• Community: Focus on giving to charity and strengthening communal bonds.

• End of Ramadan: The month concludes with the celebration of Eid al-Fitr, the "Festival of the Breaking of the Fast".